William miller



'W. MILLER.

Flood Fence.

No. 5,313. Patented Oct. 2, 1847.

' UNITED STATES PATENT orrion,

WlLLIAM MILLER, or ORRSTOWN, PENNSYLVANIA.

FENCE TO PREVENT I 'J II RY BY imoons.

Specificatibn of Letters Patent No. 5, 313 dated October 2,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM MILLER, of Orrstown, in the county of Franklin and State of Pennsylvania, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in the Construction of Fences that Cannot be Carried Off by Floods, called Millers Flood Fence, which is decribed as follows, reference being had to the annexed drawings of the same, making part of this specification.

The nature of my invention and improvement consists in a new and useful mode of store it to its proper position, the upper rail' being made V shaped on the under side and resting in corresponding notches or grooves also made of a V shape in the tops of the posts, the whole being made of clay burned in a kiln, of artificial stone, common pine or other boards and chestnut posts and rails,

or other more suitable, cheap, and durable material.

Figure 1 is an elevation of two panels of the improved fencing, showing the down stream side thereof, the dotted lines showing the mortises and tenons. Fig. 2 is a vertical cross section of same showing the horizontal groove in the post communicating with the vertical groove by which the round gudgeon of the lower rail is introduced to the vertical groove from the up stream "side of the post, and also showing the end of the V shaped part of the upper rail and the corresponding groove in the head of the post. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of one of the posts.

A are the posts.

A are the vertical grooves in whichthe round gudgeons of the lower rails turn.

A are the horizontal grooves made in the up stream sides of the posts and leading into the vertical grooves (shown by dotted lines) through which the gudgeons ofthe lower rail are passed in introducing them to the vertical grooves. l

A are the V shaped grooves made in the tops of the posts, over the sloped sides of I which the sloped surfaces of the upper rail Q are forced to rise obliquely by the pressure of the water against the vertical plates or boards of the panel as the upper rail becomes disengaged from the posts. The upper corners of the posts are removed forming inclined planes A on either side of the V shaped grooves for the more easy'separation of the upper rail from'the posts.

B are the lower rails.

B are the round gudgeons on their ends made to turn in the aforesaid vertical mortises intheposts as centers.

C are the upper rails.

C are the V shaped ends thereof made to fit the V shaped grooves in the tops of the posts. 1

' D are the verticalpanel boards secured to the horizontal rails made of wood and nailed or otherwise secured to the rails.

WVhen made of. clay they are cast or molded with the rails, and should be strong enough 7 to resist. the pressure of the flood and accumulated drift wood lodged against the same.

E isthe line of the surface of the ground. v

The arrow F shows the direction of the running stream.

lVhat I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is The combination of the falling safety flood-panel with the V groovedposts conposed of two horizontal parallel rails placed at a suitable distance apart and united by vertical plates or boardsthe upper rail being made of a V shape on the under side at the ends fitted into correspondingly shaped grooves made in the tops of the posts, so that when "a pressure of water comesnagainst the vertical boards the said rail'with the boards is caused to rise. or slide up over the inclined sides of the notches to the top thereof, and back over the samein 1 1 the'direction of the running water and fall down into vthe same suffering the water to .pass between the posts without doing any injury to the fence, the lower rail being made with round tenons that enter oblong mortises in the posts a little wider than the diameter of the tenons, and considerably longer so that the panel will be permitted-to rise Vertically and turn therein in falling back, but-Will be prevented from leaving the mortises by the said tenons until the flood subsides, when the panelis lifted to a vertisal position and restored to its former place, the parts composing the combination being made of Wood, olg y n olded and baked or of any suitable material for the purpose intended. i

.WILLIAM MILLER.

Witnesses:

WM. P. ELLIOT, A. E. H. JOHNSAN.

UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE CERTIFICATE. OF CORRECTION 1IDJIAIII'I'INTNO. 5,313

DATED I Ocfober 30, 1984' lNvEN-mmyi) 5 Guenter Hofmann It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent is hereby corrected as shown below:

Column 1 Line 15 After "has" insert -also.

Column 1 Line 30 Delete -FIG. 1 is a graph of theflavonols fingerprinting.-.

Signed and Scaled this Ninth D a y of April 1985 [SEAL] Arrest:

DONALD J. QUIGG Arresting Officer Acting Commissioner ofParems and Trademarks 

